{"id":29393,"date":"2026-05-22T13:44:12","date_gmt":"2026-05-22T11:44:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/?p=29393"},"modified":"2026-05-22T13:49:44","modified_gmt":"2026-05-22T11:49:44","slug":"les-proche-et-moyen-orient-nexistent-pas-deconstruire-le-colonialisme-semantique-qui-faconne-nos-consciences","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/index.php\/2026\/05\/22\/les-proche-et-moyen-orient-nexistent-pas-deconstruire-le-colonialisme-semantique-qui-faconne-nos-consciences\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Proche et Moyen-Orient n&rsquo;existent pas. D\u00e9construire le colonialisme s\u00e9mantique qui fa\u00e7onne nos consciences"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><strong>G\u00e9opolitiquons, 19 mai 2026.-<\/strong> Ces termes, qui vous semblent neutres, servent \u00e0 d\u00e9signer des zones g\u00e9ographiques. Ils semblent de prime abord si \u00ab\u00a0naturels\u00a0\u00bb.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edward-said.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29397\" src=\"https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edward-said.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"680\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edward-said.jpg 680w, https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/edward-said-300x176.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 680px) 100vw, 680px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Pourtant, ils sont n\u00e9s dans les bureaux des empires europ\u00e9ens de Londres et Paris pour nommer une r\u00e9gion. Le \u00ab\u00a0Moyen-Orient\u00a0\u00bb n&rsquo;est pas le centre du monde\u00a0: c&rsquo;est le milieu vu depuis l&rsquo;Occident colonial.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Comme l&rsquo;explique Edward Said dans <a href=\"https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/L'Orientalisme\">Orientalisme\u00a0<\/a>: nommer, c&rsquo;est dominer. D\u00e9crire, c&rsquo;est d\u00e9j\u00e0 exercer un pouvoir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Le \u00ab\u00a0Moyen-Orient\u00a0\u00bb est moins une r\u00e9gion qu&rsquo;un regard colonial pos\u00e9 sur des peuples.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Proche, Moyen ou Extr\u00eame-Orient&#8230; <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ces termes ne d\u00e9crivent pas le monde. Ils d\u00e9crivent la distance entre les colonies d&rsquo;Orient et l&rsquo;Europe.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Le Proche-Orient \u00e9tait \u00ab proche \u00bb de Londre et Paris ; l&rsquo;Extr\u00eame-Orient en \u00e9tait \u00ab loin \u00bb.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Toute la carte \u00e9tait organis\u00e9e autour du regard imp\u00e9rial franco-britannique.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ce vocabulaire n&rsquo;est pas innocent\u00a0: il place l&rsquo;Europe au centre du monde et transforme les autres peuples en p\u00e9riph\u00e9ries.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Dans son analyse, Edward Said montre que \u00ab l&rsquo;Orient \u00bb a \u00e9t\u00e9 invent\u00e9 par l&rsquo;Occident, non g\u00e9ographiquement, mais culturellement.\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Ainsi, l&rsquo;Orient devenait irrationnel, exotique, violent, fig\u00e9 et incapable de se gouverner seul. <\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Pendant que l&rsquo;Occident se pr\u00e9sentait comme rationnel, moderne, civilis\u00e9 et l\u00e9gitime pour gouverner.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">L&rsquo;orientalisme n&rsquo;\u00e9tait pas seulement un discours. C&rsquo;\u00e9tait une justification intellectuelle de la domination coloniale.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Quand on dit \u00ab\u00a0Moyen-Orient\u00a0\u00bb, on reproduit inconsciemment une vision du monde h\u00e9rit\u00e9e des empires.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Les mots ne sont jamais neutres. Ils cr\u00e9ent des cartes mentales, dessinent des identit\u00e9s et imposent des r\u00e9cits.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Le Moyen-Orient est en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 l&rsquo;addition du Levant, du Golfe arabe, de l&rsquo;Anatolie, de l&rsquo;Egypte, de la M\u00e9sopotamie, de la Perse, voire m\u00eame de l&rsquo;Afghanistan, selon le point de vue \u00e9tats-unien.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">D\u00e9coloniser les imaginaires commence surtout par le vocabulaire.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Une bonne fois pour toutes, il n\u2019y ni Moyen-Orient, ni Proche-Orient. Il y a l&rsquo;Asie, de l&rsquo;Ouest en ce qui concerne la Palestine. Il est temps d\u2019en finir avec le vocabulaire colonial qui gangr\u00e8ne les imaginaires et biaise l\u2019analyse des conflits que les nations imp\u00e9riales imposent aux peuples.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">L&rsquo;\u00e9crivaine et psychiatre Nawal al Saadawi l&rsquo;explique avec humour dans cette vid\u00e9o du 23 mars 2017.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u201cMiddle East\u201d a neutral description\u2014or a colonial invention? \ud83c\udf0d | Nawal El Saadawi\" width=\"506\" height=\"900\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nkfmfPgXh8w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Arial, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\"><b>Source\u00a0: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/geopolitiquons\/#\">geopolitiquons<\/a><\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00e9opolitiquons, 19 mai 2026.- Ces termes, qui vous semblent neutres, servent \u00e0 d\u00e9signer des zones g\u00e9ographiques. Ils semblent de prime abord si \u00ab\u00a0naturels\u00a0\u00bb. Pourtant, ils sont n\u00e9s dans les bureaux <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/ismfrance.org\/index.php\/2026\/05\/22\/les-proche-et-moyen-orient-nexistent-pas-deconstruire-le-colonialisme-semantique-qui-faconne-nos-consciences\/\">Lire la suite &rarr;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":29397,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[12,2],"tags":[51,214],"class_list":["post-29393","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analyses","category-articles","tag-colonialisme","tag-decolonialisme"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Les Proche et Moyen-Orient n&#039;existent pas. 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